区块链共识机制的发展现状与展望

doi:10.15960/j.cnki.issn.1007-6093.2020.01.003

运筹学学报（中英文） ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (1): 23-39.doi: 10.15960/j.cnki.issn.1007-6093.2020.01.003

区块链共识机制的发展现状与展望

刘明熹¹, 甘国华^2,3, 程郁琨⁴, 肖琳⁵, 刘帅^5,6, 房勇^5,6,*

1. 中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院, 北京 100190;
2. 北京太一云科技有限公司, 北京 100029;
3. 北京科技大学计算机与通信工程学院, 北京 100083;
4. 苏州科技大学商学院, 苏州 215009;
5. 中国科学院数学与系统科学研究院, 北京 100190;
6. 中国科学院大学经济与管理学院, 北京 100190

收稿日期:2019-06-03 出版日期:2020-03-15 发布日期:2020-03-09
通讯作者: 房勇 E-mail:yfang@amss.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（Nos.71631008，11871366），支持"率先行动"中国博士后科学基金会与中国科学院联合资助优秀博士后项目（No.2016LH0004），大数据与区块链实验室项目

Development and prospect of blockchain consensus mechanism

LIU Mingxi¹, GAN Guohua^2,3, CHENG Yukun⁴, XIAO Lin⁵, LIU Shuai^5,6, FANG Yong^5,6,*

1. Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
2. Beijing Tai Cloud Technology Co., LTD, Beijing 100029, China;
3. School of Computer&Communication Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
4. School of Business, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China;
5. Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
6. School of Economics and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

Received:2019-06-03 Online:2020-03-15 Published:2020-03-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 区块链技术作为一种去中心化的基础架构与分布式计算范式，已经引起政府部门、金融机构、科技企业和资本市场的高度重视与广泛关注.去中心化是区块链技术的核心优势，如何在分布式系统中高效达成共识是制约区块链技术发展应用的重要问题.目前已有多个研究机构及科技公司发布了适用于不同应用场景的共识机制.对现有的几种典型共识机制及其不同变形的算法原理进行深入分析，通过对比，阐述现有共识机制的优缺点，明确区块链技术发展所需的新型共识机制的基本要求，并提出新型共识机制算法设计中的一些基本思路.

关键词: 区块链, 共识机制, 分布式系统, 一致性

Abstract: As a decentralized infrastructure and distributed computing paradigm, blockchain technology has attracted a great attention from government departments, financial institutions, technology enterprises, capital markets, and so on. As the core advantage of blockchain technology, how to obtain an efficient consensus in the distributed system is an important issue which restricts the development and application of blockchain technology. At present, several research institutions and companies have proposed different consensus mechanisms applied in different application scenarios. In this paper, we conduct an in-depth analysis of several typical consensus mechanisms and their different deformation. Through comparison, the advantages and disadvantages of existing consensus mechanisms have been illustrated. Moreover, the basic requirements of new consensus mechanism have also been defined. Finally, some basic ideas in the designing of new consensus mechanism have been proposed.

Key words: blockchain, consensus mechanism, distributed system, consistent

中图分类号:

O221.7

刘明熹, 甘国华, 程郁琨, 肖琳, 刘帅, 房勇. 区块链共识机制的发展现状与展望[J]. 运筹学学报（中英文）, 2020, 24(1): 23-39.

LIU Mingxi, GAN Guohua, CHENG Yukun, XIAO Lin, LIU Shuai, FANG Yong. Development and prospect of blockchain consensus mechanism[J]. Operations Research Transactions, 2020, 24(1): 23-39.

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区块链共识机制的发展现状与展望

Development and prospect of blockchain consensus mechanism

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