考虑顾客有限理性的休假排队系统经济学分析

doi:10.15960/j.cnki.issn.1007-6093.2025.02.002

运筹学学报（中英文） ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (2): 21-43.doi: 10.15960/j.cnki.issn.1007-6093.2025.02.002

考虑顾客有限理性的休假排队系统经济学分析

马庆庆¹^,*(), 王璐¹, 杨劼¹, 李继红²

1. 山西财经大学管理科学与工程学院, 山西太原 030006
2. 山西大学管理与决策研究所, 山西太原 030006

收稿日期:2024-04-25 出版日期:2025-06-15 发布日期:2025-06-12
通讯作者: 马庆庆 E-mail:maqingqing@sxufe.edu.cn
基金资助:
山西省哲学社会科学规划课题(2021YJ131);山西省高等学校教学改革创新项目(J20220528);山西省高等学校教学改革创新项目(J20220518)

Economics analysis of vacation queueing systems with boundedly rational customers

Qingqing MA¹^,*(), Lu WANG¹, Jie YANG¹, Jihong LI²

1. School of Management Science and Engineering, Shanxi University of Finance and Economics, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China
2. Institute of Management and Decision, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China

Received:2024-04-25 Online:2025-06-15 Published:2025-06-12
Contact: Qingqing MA E-mail:maqingqing@sxufe.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

由于信息稀缺性、服务系统的不确定性以及顾客认知能力的有限性, 顾客很难准确估计接受服务后的预期效用, 进而做出理性决策。本文利用Logit选择模型描述有限理性顾客的策略行为, 基于排队博弈理论, 在几乎不可见和完全不可见两种信息水平下分析多重休假M/M/1排队系统中的顾客决策、机构利润与社会福利, 并通过数值算例对比不同信息水平下顾客有限理性水平对机构最优利润和社会福利的影响。结果表明, 在两种信息水平下, 有限理性顾客的均衡策略存在且唯一; 存在唯一最优价格, 使得机构利润最大化; 存在唯一最优价格, 使得社会福利最大化; 随着平均休假时间缩短, 顾客更愿意加入系统, 机构可以获得更多利润, 社会福利也会提高。此外, 在完全不可见情况下, 社会福利关于顾客有限理性水平的变化规律依赖服务价格, 是顾客有限理性水平的单峰函数; 存在一个特定有限理性水平, 使得机构利润和社会福利同时最大化。

关键词: 排队经济学, 有限理性顾客, 休假排队

Abstract:

Due to the scarcity of information, the uncertainty of the service system and the limited cognitive ability of customers, it is difficult for customers to estimate the expected utility after receiving the service accurately, and then make rational decisions. In this paper, the Logit choice model is used to describe the strategic behavior of boundedly rational customers, based on queueing game theory, the customer equilibrium strategy, revenue and social welfare is analyzed under almost unobservable case and fully unobservable case, the influence of customer boundedly rationality on the optimal revenue and optimal social welfare under the two information levels is compared through numerical case. The results show that, under the two information levels, the equilibrium strategy of boundedly rational customers exists and is unique; There is a unique optimal price that maximizes the revenue; There is a unique optimal price that maximizes the social welfare; As the average vacation time decreases, customers prefer to enter the system, revenue increases and so does social welfare. In addition, under the fully unobservable case, the variation of social welfare with respect to the bounded rationality level of customers depends on the service price and is a unimodal function of the bounded rationality level of customers; There exists a specific bounded rationality level such that revenue and social welfare are simultaneously maximized.

Key words: queueing economics, boundedly rational customer, vacation queues

中图分类号:

O226

马庆庆, 王璐, 杨劼, 李继红. 考虑顾客有限理性的休假排队系统经济学分析[J]. 运筹学学报（中英文）, 2025, 29(2): 21-43.

Qingqing MA, Lu WANG, Jie YANG, Jihong LI. Economics analysis of vacation queueing systems with boundedly rational customers[J]. Operations Research Transactions, 2025, 29(2): 21-43.

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考虑顾客有限理性的休假排队系统经济学分析

Economics analysis of vacation queueing systems with boundedly rational customers

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